In this video series, St. Phoebe Center board members speak to the basics of deaconesses: their history, recent calls for deaconesses, and why they are needed today.

The Deaconess

The original role of the deacon in the early Church was one of service, according to Act 6, and in Romans 16, St. Paul refers to St. Phoebe of Cenchreae as a deacon. The Church commemorates her on September 3.

Deaconesses were ordained at the altar and carried out many duties in addition to assisting with women’s baptisms. These roles included administration, supervision at Liturgy, taking charge of properties, reporting to the Bishop, providing pastoral care to women, visiting the sick, sheltering guests, and more, depending on need and location. During the Byzantine era, the diaconate office, particularly that of women, flourished, but for reasons not always understood, the deaconess order largely fell out of use except in rare instances.

Today, we are exposed only to the male diaconate, which has mostly been reduced to a liturgical function. In some jurisdictions and churches, deacons are completely absent; thus, the entire office of the diaconate is often misunderstood.

This section provides an expansive number of resources to help the faithful better understand the ordained order of the diaconate, and the rich potential that is possible—for both men and women—with its revival.



“It is always easy to leave things as they are. It takes courage and effort to take up new ideas, evaluate them, and then implement them in so far as they are good and true. The roles of men and women in our society have changed radically. Now the Orthodox Church must ask how much the roles of men and women within its own structures have been culturally dictated and how much they are really rooted in our Christian theology. Some Orthodox Christians today are saying it is vital to the Church for qualified women to once again be ordained as deaconesses, and that, in so doing, the Church as whole will be better served. Some say that it is crucial for women to be recognized worthy to serve the same as qualified men, and that this, in turn, will help the Church identify and correct its own tendencies of male domination where these have been detrimental. These voices must be heard. The Church is made up of all its members and innate conservatism is not automatically right. The Church always needs renewal. In this moment, the proposal to once again ordain women as deaconesses may be one of the most significant things we Orthodox should consider. It is time to give this proposal a proper, conciliar hearing and a clear reply.”

– Fr. Marc Dunaway